一共需要备份、修改、更新三个步骤
1. 备份
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sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
2. 修改
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sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list
将source.list文件内容替换成下面的内容
注意：不同版本的内容不同，下面以ubuntu18.04为例; sources.list错误会导致apt-get命令出问题
更多版本请见阿里云开发者社区-Ubuntu镜像
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deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
3. 更新
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sudo apt-get update